Ruku

What is Ruku?

• Ruku is a specific physical posture in Islamic prayer, derived from the Arabic word رُكوع (ruku‘), which literally means "bowing" or "to bend." In the context of Islamic worship, Ruku refers to the act of bowing at the waist with the hands placed on the knees, symbolizing humility and submission before Allah. This posture is a fundamental component of the formal prayer ritual, known as salah.
• Theologically, Ruku holds great importance as it represents a believer’s acknowledgment of Allah’s greatness and majesty. By performing Ruku, Muslims demonstrate their obedience and reverence, following the example set by Prophet Muhammad (PBUH). It is considered an act of glorification, where specific praises are recited, emphasizing the worshipper’s devotion and humility before the Creator.
• Throughout Islamic history, scholars have emphasized the correct performance of Ruku as essential for the validity of prayer. Classical jurists meticulously described its proper form and the required supplications, drawing from the teachings and practices of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH). The precise execution of Ruku has been a subject of scholarly discussion, highlighting its centrality in Islamic ritual practice.
• On a spiritual level, Ruku serves as a moment of deep reflection and humility for the worshipper. It is a physical manifestation of surrendering one’s ego and recognizing human limitations in the presence of Allah. The act encourages mindfulness, fostering a sense of inner peace and connection with the divine during prayer.
• In practical terms, Ruku is performed in every unit of the daily prayers, making it a regular and integral part of a Muslim’s life. Its correct performance involves specific physical movements and recitations, which are taught from an early age. Understanding and practicing Ruku properly ensures that one’s prayer is complete and accepted, reinforcing discipline and spiritual growth in contemporary Islamic practice.

Examples of Ruku

• During Salah: "After reciting Al-Fatiha and a surah, the worshipper moves into Ruku by bowing down with hands on knees."

• Teaching Children: "Parents often demonstrate the correct way to perform Ruku so their children can learn proper prayer etiquette."

• Friday Prayer: "The Imam leads the congregation into Ruku after completing the recitation during Jumu'ah Salah."

• Following the Sunnah: "It is narrated that Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) would keep his back straight during Ruku, setting an example for his followers."

FAQs for Ruku

What does Ruku mean in English?

Ruku means bowing in English.

When should Muslims perform Ruku?

Muslims should perform Ruku during each unit of the formal prayer (Salah) after reciting the verses of the Quran.

How is Ruku performed in Salah?

Ruku is performed by bending at the waist with the back and head level, placing the hands on the knees, and saying specific praises to Allah.

What is recited during Ruku?

During Ruku, Muslims recite phrases such as "Subhana Rabbiyal Adheem," which means "Glory is to my Lord, the Most Great."

Did Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) emphasize the importance of Ruku?

Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) emphasized the importance of performing Ruku with calmness and humility as part of the correct way to pray.